/* =============================================================
   JBSQ — Journal of Business Studies Quarterly
   Design System: Editorial Scholarly
   Palette: Forest Green / Copper / Warm Cream
   ============================================================= */

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Baskerville:ital,wght@0,400;0,700;1,400&family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,300;0,9..40,400;0,9..40,500;0,9..40,600;0,9..40,700;1,9..40,400&display=swap');

/* ── Tokens ── */
:root {
    --green:       #1A3C34;
    --green-deep:  #0F2920;
    --green-mid:   #2A5C4E;
    --green-soft:  #3B7A68;
    --copper:      #B8654A;
    --copper-light:#D4896E;
    --copper-pale: #F3E0D6;
    --cream:       #FAF8F5;
    --cream-dark:  #F0EDE8;
    --parchment:   #FFFEF9;
    --charcoal:    #1C1C1E;
    --ink:         #2C2C2E;
    --slate:       #636366;
    --ash:         #8E8E93;
    --mist:        #C7C7CC;
    --cloud:       #E5E5EA;
    --snow:        #F2F2F7;
    --white:       #FFFFFF;
    --danger:      #C0392B;

    --font-serif:  'Libre Baskerville', 'Georgia', serif;
    --font-sans:   'DM Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;

    --shadow-xs:   0 1px 2px rgba(28,28,30,0.04);
    --shadow-sm:   0 1px 4px rgba(28,28,30,0.06), 0 1px 2px rgba(28,28,30,0.04);
    --shadow-md:   0 4px 16px rgba(28,28,30,0.08);
    --shadow-lg:   0 12px 40px rgba(28,28,30,0.12);
    --ease:        cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
    --ease-out:    cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

/* ── Reset ── */
*, *::before, *::after { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
    font-size: 17px;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    color: var(--ink);
    line-height: 1.72;
    background: var(--cream);
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

/* subtle paper grain */
body::before {
    content: '';
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 9999;
    opacity: 0.018;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 256 256' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.9' numOctaves='4' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a {
    color: var(--green-mid);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease);
}
a:hover { color: var(--copper); }

/* ── Typography ── */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    color: var(--charcoal);
    line-height: 1.25;
    margin-bottom: 0.6em;
    font-weight: 700;
}

h1 { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.4rem); letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 1.75rem); letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.05rem; }

p { margin-bottom: 1em; }
ul, ol { margin-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; }
li { margin-bottom: 0.35em; }

/* ── Utility ── */
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); }

/* =============================================================
   HEADER
   ============================================================= */
.site-header {
    background: var(--green);
    color: var(--white);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
}

.header-top {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 0.9rem 2rem;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.logo-area {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.85rem;
}

.logo-icon {
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    background: var(--copper);
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--white);
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(184,101,74,0.3);
}

.logo-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 0;
    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.logo-text .tagline {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: var(--copper-light);
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0.4px;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.issn-badges {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.issn-badge {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.07);
    padding: 0.25rem 0.55rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    font-weight: 400;
}

.issn-badge strong {
    color: var(--copper-light);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: 1.5px solid var(--copper-light);
    color: var(--copper-light);
    padding: 0.35rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: all 0.25s var(--ease);
}

.menu-toggle:hover {
    background: var(--copper);
    border-color: var(--copper);
    color: var(--white);
}

/* ── Navigation ── */
.main-nav {
    background: var(--green-deep);
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.nav-list {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.nav-list li { margin: 0; }

.nav-list a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.7rem 1rem;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    transition: all 0.25s var(--ease);
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
    position: relative;
    white-space: nowrap;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.nav-list a:hover,
.nav-list a.active {
    color: var(--white);
    border-bottom-color: var(--copper);
}

/* =============================================================
   HERO (Homepage)
   ============================================================= */
.hero {
    background: var(--green);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 3rem 2rem 2.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* Large decorative circle */
.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -180px;
    right: -120px;
    width: 500px;
    height: 500px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(184,101,74,0.12);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.hero::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -200px;
    left: -80px;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.hero-content {
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.hero .hero-acronym {
    color: var(--copper-light);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 4px;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.hero h1.hero-journal-title {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 5vw, 2.6rem);
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.hero-description {
    font-size: 0.98rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 300;
}

.hero-stats {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding-top: 1.2rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
}

.stat-item { text-align: center; }

.stat-value {
    display: block;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--copper);
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1.2px;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.45);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* ── Home Cards ── */
.home-cards {
    max-width: 1300px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3.5rem 2rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.home-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2.2rem 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    border: 1px solid var(--cloud);
    transition: all 0.35s var(--ease);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.home-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--green) 0%, var(--copper) 100%);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.35s var(--ease);
}

.home-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.home-card:hover::before { opacity: 1; }

.home-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--green);
    margin-bottom: 0.6em;
}

.home-card p {
    color: var(--slate);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
}

.home-card .card-icon { display: none; }

.home-card .card-link {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 0.6rem;
    color: var(--copper);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.3px;
    transition: all 0.25s var(--ease);
}

.home-card .card-link:hover {
    color: var(--green);
    letter-spacing: 0.6px;
}

/* ── Directories / Indexing Logos ── */
.directories-section {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 3.5rem 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--cloud);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--cloud);
}

.directories-inner {
    max-width: 1300px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.directories-section h2 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    color: var(--ash);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.directories-logos {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.directory-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.directory-item img {
    height: 45px;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.directory-item span {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: var(--slate);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 1.3;
    max-width: 110px;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .directories-logos {
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    .directory-item img {
        height: 32px;
    }
}

/* =============================================================
   PAGE BANNER (inner pages)
   ============================================================= */
.page-banner {
    background: var(--green);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 3.5rem 2rem 3rem;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
}

.page-banner::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--copper);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.page-banner h1 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.4rem);
    margin-bottom: 0.2em;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.page-banner .subtitle {
    color: var(--copper-light);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 300;
}

.page-banner .accent-line { display: none; } /* replaced by ::after */

/* =============================================================
   CONTENT
   ============================================================= */
main { flex: 1; }

.content-wrapper {
    max-width: 1300px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
}

.content-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2.8rem 3rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    border: 1px solid var(--cloud);
}

.content-card h2 {
    color: var(--green);
    padding-bottom: 0.5em;
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--cloud);
    position: relative;
}

.content-card h2::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -1px;
    left: 0;
    width: 40px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--copper);
}

.content-card h2:first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.content-card h3 {
    color: var(--green-mid);
    margin-top: 1.8rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.content-card ul { list-style: none; padding-left: 0; }

.content-card ul li {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.3em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.content-card ul li::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0.62em;
    width: 5px;
    height: 5px;
    background: var(--copper);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.content-card a {
    color: var(--green-mid);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--copper-pale);
    transition: all 0.25s var(--ease);
}

.content-card a:hover {
    color: var(--copper);
    border-bottom-color: var(--copper);
}

.content-card strong { color: var(--charcoal); }

/* ── Highlight / Info Boxes ── */
.highlight-box {
    background: var(--copper-pale);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--copper);
    padding: 1.2rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.highlight-box p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.info-box {
    background: rgba(26,60,52,0.04);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--green-mid);
    padding: 1.2rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.info-box p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

/* =============================================================
   EDITORIAL BOARD
   ============================================================= */
.board-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(360px, 1fr));
    gap: 0;
}

.board-member {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.15rem;
    padding: 0.85rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--cloud);
}

.board-member:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.board-member .name {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--charcoal);
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.board-member .credential {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--charcoal);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.board-member .affiliation {
    color: var(--slate);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.1rem;
}

.board-member .role-badge {
    background: var(--copper);
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 0.15em 0.55em;
    border-radius: 3px;
    letter-spacing: 0.4px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* =============================================================
   CONTACT
   ============================================================= */
.contact-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.contact-info-card {
    background: rgba(26,60,52,0.03);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--cloud);
}

.contact-info-card h3 { margin-top: 0; color: var(--green); }

.contact-method {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.9rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--cloud);
}

.contact-method:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.contact-method .icon {
    width: 38px;
    height: 38px;
    background: var(--green);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* =============================================================
   FORMS
   ============================================================= */
.form-group { margin-bottom: 1.4rem; }

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--charcoal);
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2px;
}

.form-group label .required { color: var(--danger); }

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea,
.form-group select {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
    border: 1.5px solid var(--cloud);
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--ink);
    transition: border-color 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
    background: var(--white);
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus,
.form-group select:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--green-mid);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(26,60,52,0.08);
}

.form-group textarea { min-height: 120px; resize: vertical; }

.form-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
}

/* ── Buttons ── */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.7rem 1.8rem;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease);
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: var(--copper);
    color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(184,101,74,0.2);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background: var(--copper-light);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(184,101,74,0.25);
}

.btn-navy {
    background: var(--green);
    color: var(--white);
}

.btn-navy:hover {
    background: var(--green-mid);
}

/* =============================================================
   GUIDELINES
   ============================================================= */
.guidelines-section { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.guidelines-section:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

/* =============================================================
   FOOTER
   ============================================================= */
.site-footer {
    background: var(--charcoal);
    color: var(--ash);
    margin-top: auto;
}

.footer-main {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3.5rem 2rem 3rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.footer-about h3,
.footer-links h3,
.footer-contact h3 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
}

.footer-about h3::after,
.footer-links h3::after,
.footer-contact h3::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 24px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--copper);
}

.footer-about p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--ash);
}

.footer-issn {
    margin-top: 1.2rem;
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.footer-issn span {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
    padding: 0.25rem 0.55rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    color: var(--mist);
}

.footer-links ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; }
.footer-links li { margin-bottom: 0.45rem; }
.footer-links li::before { display: none; }

.footer-links a {
    color: var(--ash);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease);
}

.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--copper-light); }

.footer-contact p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--ash);
}

.footer-contact a { color: var(--copper-light); }
.footer-contact a:hover { color: var(--copper); }

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    padding: 1.2rem 2rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    color: var(--slate);
}

.cc-info {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
    border-radius: 6px;
}

.cc-info a {
    color: var(--copper-light);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
}

/* =============================================================
   ANIMATIONS
   ============================================================= */
@keyframes fadeUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

.hero-content          { animation: fadeUp 0.7s var(--ease-out) both; }
.hero-stats            { animation: fadeUp 0.7s 0.15s var(--ease-out) both; }
.home-card:nth-child(1){ animation: fadeUp 0.6s 0.1s var(--ease-out) both; }
.home-card:nth-child(2){ animation: fadeUp 0.6s 0.2s var(--ease-out) both; }
.home-card:nth-child(3){ animation: fadeUp 0.6s 0.3s var(--ease-out) both; }
.page-banner           { animation: fadeUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) both; }
.content-card          { animation: fadeUp 0.5s 0.1s var(--ease-out) both; }

/* =============================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================================= */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .footer-main { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
    .contact-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .board-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .home-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .header-top { padding: 0.7rem 1rem; }
    .issn-badges { display: none; }
    .menu-toggle { display: block; }

    .main-nav {
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        transition: max-height 0.4s var(--ease);
    }

    .main-nav.open { max-height: 600px; }

    .nav-list { flex-direction: column; }

    .nav-list a {
        padding: 0.7rem 1.5rem;
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
        border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    }

    .nav-list a:hover,
    .nav-list a.active {
        border-bottom-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
        border-left-color: var(--copper);
    }

    .hero { padding: 3.5rem 1.5rem 3rem; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 1.8rem; letter-spacing: 1px; }
    .hero .journal-full-name { font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .hero-description { font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .hero-stats { gap: 1.5rem; }

    .page-banner { padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem 2rem; }

    .content-wrapper { padding: 2rem 1rem; }
    .content-card { padding: 1.8rem 1.5rem; }

    .home-cards { padding: 2rem 1rem; }
    .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

    .logo-text h1 { font-size: 1.05rem; letter-spacing: 1px; }
    .logo-icon { width: 38px; height: 38px; font-size: 0.7rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
    .hero-stats { flex-direction: column; gap: 1.2rem; }
    .content-card { padding: 1.5rem 1.2rem; }
}